What major foreign policy strategy was predominantly used by the U.S. during the Cold War?

During the Cold War, the major foreign policy strategy employed by the United States was containment. This policy aimed to prevent the spread of communism beyond its existing borders, especially in Europe and Asia. Originating from the ideas of American diplomat George Kennan, containment was based on the belief that communism posed a significant threat to democracy and free-market capitalism.

The strategy guided U.S. actions in various conflicts and interventions, including the Korean War and the Vietnam War, where the U.S. sought to stop communist influence in those regions. The establishment of NATO and various treaties and economic aid programs, such as the Marshall Plan, were also rooted in the principle of containment, reinforcing alliances and providing support to nations that might be susceptible to communist expansion.

By focusing on this strategy, the U.S. aimed to create a buffer against potential Soviet encroachment, emphasizing military readiness and establishing a global presence that reflected a commitment to opposing communism. This marked a significant departure from previous isolationist policies that had characterized U.S. foreign relations prior to World War II.