What document declared the American colonies' independence from Britain?

The document that declared the American colonies' independence from Britain is the Declaration of Independence. Adopted on July 4, 1776, this pivotal document outlined the reasons for the colonies' decision to separate from British rule, asserting their natural rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. It eloquently articulated the philosophical underpinnings of the new nation, drawing heavily from Enlightenment ideals, particularly those of John Locke.

The Declaration served not just as a formal notification of independence but also as a powerful statement of democratic principles that would influence future democratic movements around the world. It marked a significant turning point in American history, symbolizing a break from monarchical rule and the establishment of a government based on the consent of the governed.

In contrast, The Constitution establishes the framework for the United States government, the Bill of Rights enumerates individual rights and freedoms, and the Articles of Confederation were the first attempt at a governing document for the United States post-independence but ultimately failed to provide a strong federal structure. Therefore, the significance of the Declaration of Independence lies in its role as the foundational document that formally announced and justified the colonies' break from British authority.